Ruling on water an impurity has fallen into without altering it

F37Chapter of Waters

Ruling on water an impurity has fallen into without altering it

Does water become impure when an impurity falls into it, even if none of its qualities change?

Hanafi

A small quantity of water becomes impure when an impurity falls into it even if its qualities are unchanged; much water becomes impure only through alteration.

Reference: Al-Hidāyah — Radd al-Muḥtār — Marāqī al-Falāḥ

Maliki

Water does not become impure when an impurity falls into it, whether it be little or much, unless its taste, colour, or smell is altered.

Reference: Al-Sharḥ al-Kabīr — Ḥāshiyat al-Dasūqī — Minaḥ al-Jalīl

Shāfiʿī

Water below two qullahs becomes impure by the mere falling of an impurity into it even if its qualities are unchanged; water reaching two qullahs or more becomes impure only through alteration.

Reference: Minhāj al-Ṭālibīn — Al-Majmūʿ — Mughnī al-Muḥtāj

Hanbali

Little water, meaning below two qullahs, becomes impure by mere contact even if unaltered; much water becomes impure only through alteration.

Reference: Zād al-Mustaqniʿ — Kashshāf al-Qināʿ — Al-Inṣāf