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F57The Obligation of Fasting and Sighting the Crescent

Ruling on Fasting the Month of Ramadan and Its Legal Basis

What is the ruling on fasting the month of Ramadan, and by what is its obligation upon the accountable individual established?

Hanafi

Fasting Ramadan is a personal obligation upon every sane, adult, resident, able Muslim, established by the text of the Qurʾān and the mutawatir sunnah.

Maliki

Fasting Ramadan is a personal obligation upon every accountable individual, obligated by definitive text from the Qurʾān and sunnah, with no disagreement among Muslims on the basis of its obligation.

Shāfiʿī

Fasting Ramadan is among the pillars of Islam, a personal obligation established by the text of the Qurʾān, the sunnah, and the consensus of the nation.

Hanbali

Fasting Ramadan is a personal obligation established by the text of the Qurʾān, the sunnah, and the consensus of Muslims, one of the five pillars of Islam.